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<td><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">How Much Mental Illness is an Allergy
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<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="132"><font color="#FF0000">Caffeine Allergy</font>
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<td VALIGN=TOP><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">CAFFEINE ALLERGY: Past Disorder
or Present Epidemic? </font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica">by Ruth Whalen, Medical Laboratory Technician </font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Cape Cod, MA USA.</font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><a href="mailto:Tenpaisleypark@hotmail.com">Tenpaisleypark@hotmail.com</a></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">With the upswing of "chemical imbalance"
disorders that surfaced in the latter twentieth century, many researchers
frantically attempt to unravel the brain's intricate clockworks. In turn,
as the number of persons suffering with mental issues mount, it seems that
doctors, pressed for time, are quick to refer patients to psychiatrists.
Failing to request a medical physical, many psychiatrists hand out medications,
often masking the underlying physical problem. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">People have overlooked two simple but deleterious
factors: 1,3,7 trimethylxanthine and allergy. Simply put: caffeine allergy.
It is medical knowledge that the longer a person is exposed to a drug,
the higher the chances are for developing a tolerance, and an allergy to
the substance. Once this happens, caffeine allergic persons can't properly
metabolize caffeine, which is rapidly absorbed by all organs, and distributed
into intracellular compartments, and extracellular water. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Mentioned in a 1936 article by Drs. McManamy
and Schube, a young woman, allergic to caffeine, presented with alternating
states of delirium and mania, resembling schizophrenia (1). After the recorded
case, allergy documentation becomes rare. And not surprisingly.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">The drug's stimulating properties masks
its allergic symptoms. Circulating adrenaline (epinephrine) increases in
caffeine consuming persons (2,3). In its synthetic form, epinephrine is
the drug of choice for anaphylactic reactions, halting allergic reactions.
But added to a stimulant reaction, excess adrenaline may induce delusions.
And the breakdown of some adrenaline byproducts mimics symptoms of schizophrenia
(4).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Brain levels increase proportionately with
dosage (5). In allergic persons, each cup of coffee, cola, tea, every piece
of chocolate, and any ingested caffeine products, intensifies toxic psychosis.
Half-life increases. Subsequent doses, including minute amounts, act as
a bolus. Cells are poisoned, including neurons.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Symptoms of cerebral allergy can range
from minimal reactions, such as lack of comprehension and inability to
focus, to severe psychotic states, such as delusions, paranoia, and hallucinations
(6). It's known that amphetamine psychosis can't be distinguished from
schizophrenia (7,8). With a caffeine allergic person's inability to eliminate,
continually ingesting caffeine, neurotransmitter levels, including dopamine
and adrenaline, quickly increase. Cells rapidly absorb the drug.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Dopamine increases proportionately to the
amount of stress (9). The higher the adrenaline level, the greater the
increase in dopamine. Serotonin also increases. Dopamine and serotonin
decrease during partial, toxic withdrawal states. But as long as caffeine
remains in the toxic body, neurotransmitters never adjust to the victim's
natural state. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Toxicity is known to cause excitement,
agitation, restlessness, shifting states of consciousness, and toxic psychosis
(10), mimicking amphetamine psychosis. Allergic individuals may be erroneously
diagnosed, medicated, and lost in a dark disturbed world, until death.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Adenosine receptors are blocked by caffeine
(11,16), maintaining neuronal firing. Persons remain excited and often
euphoric.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Caffeine toxicity may be mistaken for bipolar
disorder (1,12). Symptoms include: chattiness, repetitive thought and action
(resembling obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD), restlessness, psychomotor
agitation, alternating moods, anger, impulsiveness, aggression, omnipotence,
delirium, buying sprees, lack of sexual inhibition, and loss of values.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Allergy can mimic Attention Deficit Disorder
(ADD) (13). As far back as 1902, T. D. Crothers noted that many caffeine
consuming children "exhibit precocity" and "functional exaltation" (14). </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Caffeine poisoning may also resemble schizophrenia.
One woman's conversational topics wandered from subject to subject. She
screamed, and believed that she was in prison. Natural judgement was impaired
(1). In 1931, a truck driver brought to the hospital in a confused and
irritable condition, complained of being attacked by flies. Flies were
never present. Examination revealed that he'd consumed large amounts of
cola (15). One gentleman ended his political speech with predictions and
threats, out of the ordinary for his personality, stunning the audience
(14). Another case describes a man, who imagined himself very wealthy,
and assumed that his mental state was normal (14). </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Caffeine toxicity may also masquerade as
depression, and anxiety. In 1925, Powers described nervousness, visual
problems, and dizziness, in patients he discovered suffered from caffeine
toxicity (16). In 1974, caffeine toxic patients, experiencing the same
symptoms, were erroneously admitted to a psychiatric hospital, for treatment
of anxiety (16,17). In other studies, depression and anxiety are also correlated
with caffeine intake (18,19,20,21).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">In several reports, patients diagnosed
with anxiety disorder experienced panic attacks with ingestion of caffeine
(18,19,20). One study reveals that six persons improved with caffeine cessation
and remained improved for at least six months (21). Other reports reveal
that some persons not afflicted with panic disorder, experienced panic
attacks with intravenously administered caffeine (22, 23). </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Written materials on panic disorder symptoms
and anaphylactic symptoms do not clearly differentiate between the two.
Parasthesia (pins and needle sensations), a feeling of choking, hyperactive
symptoms, chest pains, and hyperventilation, amongst other symptoms, are
common in both conditions. They're also common in many caffeine consuming
persons.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">This suggests that caffeine allergy may
be responsible for many cases of panic disorder. In which case, panic attacks
in allergic individuals are suppressed anaphylactic reactions - mimicking
ADHD, and panic disorder. They're "have to get up and run" and "I think
I'm losing my mind" feelings, brought about by increased neurotransmitter
levels, associated with the "fight or flight" syndrome.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Dr. William Walsh connected anxiety and
severe allergic reactions. Dr.Walsh maintains that allergic anxiety stems
from a choking sense, and loss of air; not a psychological deficit (24).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Caffeine converts into many byproducts,
including theophylline. Theophylline keeps the bronchial tubes open. Allergic
individuals are less likely to suffer respiratory collapse, during an anaphylactic
reaction. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">A proficient Boston neurologist mentions
that sixty-six percent of elevated CPK MM (creatine phosphokinase of muscle)
levels are of an "unknown origin" (25). Innumerable mid to late twentieth
century studies reveal that a high number of persons diagnosed with mental
disorders, including personality disorder, mania, BPD, depression, catatonia,
and schizophrenia, exhibit elevated CPK MM levels (26,27,28-38,39,40-50). </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">The high majority of these studies, and
others, attribute elevated CPK levels to a commonality between patients
with mental disorders. Not one focuses on caffeine allergy as a contributing
factor of mental disorders.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">CPK MM, a muscle enzyme, increases with
severe muscle trauma, burns, inflammatory states, and poisoning. This may
stem from drugs (36,37,38,39), including cocaine, alcohol, amphetamines,
heroin, and stimulants (37,40). Antihistamines, salicylates, cyclic antidepressants,
theophylline, and others also cause this disorder (37).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">This condition, called rhabdomyolysis,
stresses and inflames tissues, including brain cells, breaking down muscle
fibers, and discharging potentially toxic cellular matter into the bloodstream
(37). Caffeine poisoning can cause rhabdomyolysis (10,37,41).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Myoglobinuria is a symptom of rhabdomyolysis,
but often urine myoglobin disappears early in the course of the disorder,
or is absent altogether (37). Generalized muscle cramping (associated with
rhabdomyolysis) (14,37) may also be absent, or subside early on. Accumulation
of caffeine acts as morphine, alleviating pain and discomfort, often inducing
muscle rigidity. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">With toxins leaking into the bloodstream,
the CPK increases. The higher the CPK, the higher the neurotransmitters,
and the deeper into psychosis a person spirals. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">In the late 1960's, Bengzon et al proposed
that the leakage of CPK and aldolase might explain schizophrenia (26).
Studies on patients with non-restrictive diets, concentrated on various
factors, including medication, but failed to include caffeine as a possible
factor (26). More recent studies have also overlooked caffeine allergy
as a factor in any mental disorders, including schizophrenia. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">A study theorized caffeine as a possible,
psychosis inducing agent. Researchers eliminated patients' caffeine for
a short duration. It was decided that caffeine aggravates symptoms of thought
disorder and psychosis (42). Caffeine was reintroduced-never allowing for
sufficient withdrawal times-and significant improvements. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Proportionate to toxicity, physical withdrawal
may take up to 12 months, or longer. Recovery symptoms include memory loss,
confusion, tremors, agitated states, insomnia or somnolence, and nightmares
associated with amphetamine withdrawal. Following physical recovery, residual
mental symptoms, primarily confusion and mood alterations, may exist for
several months. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Evidence suggests that caffeine, and synthetic
neurotransmitter altering medications, merely balance one another, and
that upon cessation of caffeine, medication is no longer needed. Several
reports indicate that upon caffeine cessation, tremors increased in lithium
consuming individuals (43). In some patients, caffeine withdrawal increased
lithium levels (44). After experiencing a 10-year course of seasonal BPD,
a woman eliminated caffeine from her diet. She no longer needed BPD medication
(45). </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Caffeine may compete for benzodiazepine
receptors (5). In which case, benzodiazepines reduce caffeine's effects
and vice versa; balancing each other.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Chronic toxicity may affect functional
aspects of every organ (14). Allergic persons may become sensitive to bright
light, and resort to sunglasses. It's not uncommon to find dilated but
reactive pupils on examination (14). Toxic persons usually present with
a whitish, or grayish coated tongue (14, 46). Other findings imply that
caffeine inhibits anaphylaxis, by suppressing histamine release (47,48).
Due to caffeine's antihistamine properties, a skin test for caffeine allergy
may be negative.</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Several laboratory tests may be used as
markers for allergic toxicity. A detectable Theophylline level in
a patient not receiving Theophylline therapy, and an elevated CPK level
are indicative of caffeine toxicity. Along with these, an increased glucose
level (10,49) and an elevated white blood count (1,49) may also be significant
of toxicity, as many patients assumed afflicted with mental disorders present
with elevation of these (1,50). An elevated sedimentation rate, indicative
of inflammatory processes, might signify rhabdomyolysis. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">It's highly probable, that millions of
consumers developed an allergy to caffeine, especially since availability
and production increased rapidly mid- twentieth century. In which case,
natural insights, and physical and mental health, have been sacrificed
to chronic toxicity, resulting in organic brain, silently posing as ADD,
ADHD, anxiety, BPD, depression, OCD, panic, and schizophrenia. Physical
ailments resemble amphetamine poisoning, and include drug eruptions, masquerading
as "rosacea." </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Back in 1936, McManamy and Schube maintained
that in all probability, many people of that era might have already been
erroneously diagnosed with some form of mental illness. The doctors further
predicted, that in the future, with lack of time, and proper medical insight,
many doctors would not be able to diagnose simple disorders such as caffeine
allergy, and would label many patients as psychotic (1).</font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Well, here we are. Welcome to the future. </font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>(Copyright 2001 © Ruth
Whalen M.L.T., ASCP, BA. </font><a href="mailto:Tenpaisleypark@hotmail.com">Tenpaisleypark@hotmail.com</a>
<font size=-1>Reprinted with permission.)</font></font>
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