path: root/lb-notes.txt

Jack Ratham was dressed in his trademark calico shirt, . Birdie didn't really know it was stylish, she just knew that it looked unaccountably good on Jack Ratham, which is the merger of fashion, what a thing is, how it is shaped and so on, with who a person is, which is to say what sort of figure they cut in the world. The one Jack Ratham cut was distinctly his own. She reminded Birdie of her father. They could not have been more different, and yet in some fundamental way, the way they looked at the world perhaps, they were alike.


Birdie heard her father chuckle. "Are you jealous John?"

"Jealous? Of course I'm jealous. Everyone of sound mind is jealous of her."

Birdie wasn't jealous. At least she didn't think she was jealous. She just loved Anne and whenever she was around her she felt better about everything, she felt better about herself, she wanted to be better. She wasn't sure if she wanted to better for Anne or just being around Anne made her want to be better. She wasn't even sure exactly how she wanted to better, she just knew that there was something about Anne that made everyone and everything seem like it was better and it was an elevation you had to live up to.

Her rather stood next to Anne. "Where's Mary?"

"In her quarters."

"She staying there?"

Anne shrugged. "I imagine she is."

"How does..."

Anne turned her head up to look at her father, Birdie could see nothing but an ostrich plum. "Doesn't matter to you does it?"

Her father laughed. No, I suppose not. You're an odd duck Anne."

"You're an odd duck too you know. I've missed you." 

With the ship on her side, Mary did come ashore, despite what Bonny had said. She did not speak to anyone but her own ship's crew and seemed ill at ease. Birdie smiled at her, but she acted as if she could not even see Birdie. Birdie took an instant dislike to her. 
Lulu thought she was pretty and defended her when Birdie called her rude. "Maybe she's just having a bad day Bee, I mean her ships on its side, 
# Notes

- Need more details of landscape, sea, and marsh esp.
- household is father, Tamba and his wife, plus Kobayashi.

Plots
- The british captain from Charlestown is also the landowner of th etrees, McPhail. He comes after the family about the tree stumps, which he sees as his, being used for their profit, and also that they make the pirate ships that raid mcphail's ships more seaworth, insult to injury.  Add moral complexity for the kids, is papa a bad person? Is the McPhail a bad person? Or is it all just wrong and now can own the trees?

They eta waring from Ratham that McPhail is coming for them. 
How does the storm fit in?
No good guys, no bad guys. her father helps both ratham and mcphail. Warns mcphail of the storm, helps bring his ship int to he esuary to shelther, they take the wagon to chareston.



"Behind the veil of all the hieratic and mystical allegories of ancient doctrines, behind the darkness and strange ordeals of all initiations, under the seal of all sacred writings, in the ruins of Nineveh or Thebes, on the crumbling stones of old temples and on the blackened visage of the Assyrian or Egyptian sphinx... there are found indications of a doctrine which is everywhere the same and everywhere carefully concealed." ― Eliphas Lévi

Birdie the artist, Lulu the what? What does Lulu do? We need to get deeper into the kids playing at some point. Maybe this chapter something about them making figures and playing. Or perhaps playing in the Arkhangelsk. Could I insert adventures of the Arkhangelsk as little mini stories within the story? Or should I do that with Papa's stories? I kind of like it as a tale within a tail. Maybe that's Lulu's talent, telling stories. Birdie pants pictures, Lulu tells stories, Henri has adventures or writes maybe?


| Mary Harvey (or Harley), alias Mary Farlee | | 1725-1726 | | In 1725, Mary Harvey and her husband Thomas were transported to the Province of Carolina as felons. In 1726, Mary and three men were convicted of piracy. The men were hanged but Mary was released. Thomas, the leader of the pirates, was never caught. https://www.geni.com/projects/Pirates-in-Petticoats/389


# Overplot:

- Opening at sea. The approach to Edisto through Birdie's eyes.
    - Scenes:
        - Birdie in the hammock, her as skilled sailor, desc of ship
        - introduce Tamba, Kobayashi and rice
        - Story of the storm, rumors about Nassau and the british
        - Backstory of the mother, landing on Edisto

- Pine forest intro: in the stumps
    - Scenes:
        - Camp establishing shot:
        - Lulu and Tamba in the boat, more on rice, father as anarchist
        - Lulu and the alligator part 1
        - Lulu on the stumps, break from the others, relationship with Birdie
        - Backstory of the edistow
        - return trip through the marsh
        - Aunt and the pot for the Arkhangelsk

- Fishing the Bank
    - Scenes:
        - Birdie on her cousins, father's rum speech
        - Cousins as poor sailors, land people
        - Birdie taking charge, Lulu as the sailor
        - Fishing the bank
        - Hint of the Storm

- Tar harvest
    - Scenes
        - making tar for the ships. 
        - autumn cool, swimming and playing at the beach in the wrecked ship.
        - further develop the cousins 

- Storm
    - Scenes
        - Birdie and her father sense the storm and try to stop the Uncle's boat
        - birdie and lulu on the northern edge of the island screaming into the wind
        - they go to get kadi
        - storm under the boat, aligator scene wiht lulu
        - cache barrels of tar in the high ground of the hammocks near their camp
            - one breaks
            - dark tar on the sand, foreshadowing of oil
            


- Ratham arrives to careen the ship
    - warns of mcphail
- McPhail part one
    arrives to arrest the father, talks his way out of it because the shortm
    - guides Mcphails ship into the estuary they take shelpter
- McPhail part two
    - Still arrests the father, takes him to charlestown.
    - Birdie goes with
    - Lulu and henri hide with the others, they escape by sea. 
        - get to Ratham, they meet up with a third
        - Ships proceed to blockade charlestown.
    - Ratham helps the father escape, family escapes to sea, heads south toward the Caribean.
'''

# Unused scenes

Jamaican sloops[1] had beams that were narrower than ocean-going Bermuda sloops, and could attain a speed of around 12 knots.[2] They carried gaff rig, whereas in modern usage, a Bermuda sloop excludes any gaff rig. Jamaican sloops were built usually out of cedar trees, for much the same reasons that Bermudian shipwrights favoured Bermuda cedar: these were very resistant to rot, grew very fast and tall, and had a taste displeasing to marine borers.[3] Cedar was favoured over oak as the latter would rot in about 10 years, while cedar would last for nigh on 30 years and was considerably lighter than oak.[3] When the ships needed to be de-fouled from seaweed and barnacles, pirates needed a safe haven on which to careen the ship. Sloops were well suited for this because they were able to sail in shallow areas where larger ships would either run aground or be unable to sail through at all. These shallow waters also provided protection from ships of the British Royal Navy, which tended to be larger and required deep water to sail safely.[3]
## Storm desc

That even a thunderstorm rolls in, cools off the land, the sunsets throught he clouds, the sound of the thunder was like drmming, a marshall, marching ound that advanced across the waves toward them. It was early, far to early for a big storm, those came later, at the end of summer, the first on was the sign it was time to move south, time to head to St Augustine for the winter. This was a thunderstorm from the south. A tk, Tamba called them. It brought a strange drop in temeprature as iff the storm were sucking something out of summer, giving it a viseral punch in the gut. No, as if summer were grathering herself up, taking a deeep breath, a momentary pause from her usual swelter to give them some reprieve. 

## Tamba backstory


The storm had been an early one, Tamba and tk were on captain tk's boat, bound for boston with a prize they'd taken off the coast of Florida when the storm came out of the south. Their captain tried to put in at Owen town, but they did not make it, the wind broke the mast and sent the boat over. Tamba and tk knew how to swim, the rest of the crew did not. Even so, they were lucky. They clung to piece of broken mast and managed to steer themselves in the heavy chop such that they madeit to shore. Tamba told of seeing a shark in the shallows on the way in, even it was so bewildered by the storm it showed no interest in them, merely passing by close enough to touch, though Tamba did not, before settling into their wake where it stayed until the water became too shallow for it.

## Cooking

The kettle hung ove rhte fire from the trupod her pap had made from iron taken out of the arkhnglsk. Her father was not a smith, but he' watched the man in Chrlestown enough to get ht ebasics. He come back the camp these year and built himself a small forge, and bellows out of sail cloth. So far he;s made two legs of iron for a fire tripod, the their was still a puece of willow, which was stong enough, though eventyually warped from the heard of the cials and had be replaced. 

In the kittle was a bubbling stew full of fish and rice and seasoned with salt and herbs Lulyu hadhelped father from the creak edge the day before. 

The sand was dug out, the six inch deep bit was lined with stone, but left caps on bothe swindward and landward sides so thta the windws would feed the firs enough oxygen even with the in burning almost entirely below the surace oft he sane. Sometime when her father or Tabe brough down a boar their father would dig another put and build a giant fire in it and let it durn down to a huge mountain of cials . Then he'd lay the board meant, wrapped in its down skin on the coals, burry the whole thing over night and then the next wmorning they'd dig it up and featst on meat so sweet and tender you never wanted to eat anythign else ever again. It would last them the better part of weeks, more if the weather was cool enough. They build a tootcellar in the dark shade of the hut, two feath cown in the sand, lined with planks of swap cypress ther papa had split, it kept food cool and fesh for quite some time. At night they banks the fire, but used the coals to keep the previous nights stew hot and in the morning the mother buit up the fire again and boil the stew and that wsas breakfast. 

Sometimes he roasted fish, but mostly lulu loved stews, fish stew, venison stew, boar stew, even rabbit stew wasn't have bad, espcially when the could trade with the Cherokee for ramps, which were lulu's favoir food in the world, at once swwet and sharp;y bitter, they made everything delicsious, When he could her father stuffed the boars with ramps before buring them to cook overnight. The resulting meat was tend an swet and smealed of the earth and tasted, a little bit like heaven Tamba said. 

## Delos original sketch

The boat was wooden, 12 feet from bow to stern, wood planked and sealed with the arckhanglsk tar, smooth shiny weathered wood with hardly a splinter in the boat. She ws rigged like a doah, triangular sail, mast near the bow, single ling coming back offf the boom and a tiller in the rear. She had a outrigger spar that would be lashed to the port or starboard gunwale via two blocks her father had attached with nails he'dpryed lookse from the arckhaglske. She would be a palfrom so stable their mother often used it to threw nets beyond the surfline, obut shoe could also be rigged for speed that would outrun every boat the had ever tried to match her. Lulyu had raced her in charles town harbor the winer efore winning by two lengths ten lengh over a very nice, but piirly rigged effort the tk governors siun had put together. He was a nice enough boy shed told Birdie, he ust doesnt know how to sail very well. Or build boats. Birdie had smiled. The took their prize opurse of two bit and bought peppermint sticks and licorish  imported from lindon. Hand their got their mother a brush for her hair. Their faother stood outside the store, sittinng on a barrel, carding something in the shade, watching the world pass but has his knofe flicked seeming absently at the thing piece of oak in his hand. He smiled when they came running out to show him the comb. She'll love that. 

Their mother was a stong independent woman who keep their camp with a nearly military sense of neatness. She didn't care a wit what the girls wore, but if they left a diry bowl lying a about she threaten them with a switch. This only very rarely happend to Birdie, the Lou had a defiant strek that foten set her up and kicked her about in whay  she did not really understand. propelling her down paths she did not mean the woalk, great screaming matches with her sister, stomping and growling in theatrical ways that drove her mother to step in and threaten switching. 



He father pulled the sail in tight, the boat heaved away from them, but her father leaned back against he gunwale slightly until to reached a balance point that balanced speed and awkwardness, the boat lept across the waves and out beyond the surf line of the sand bar to smoother water. The wind was blowing offshore, a storm from the west would be here tomorrow her father said. 

Her father spun the little boat into the wind, dropped the sail and walked toward the bow to get the net. Birdie sprang up and followed. They heaved the net over the side, letting the drift of the current carry them away from it, spreading it out. Once it was out her father used and oar to bring the boat about to where he wanted it and then he yanked the tk line , shooting the halyard and the sail back up. It caught the wind the minute it was up and tighted the lines of the net, pulling them and the net back toward shore. Birdie leaned over the gunwale and watch as fish swam by and were pulled into the net. 

By the time the neared the surfline again the net was choked with fish. She helped her father pull it in, though it became so heavy that eventually her effort was of little use. Her father wrapped the line around the mast and pulled the net, chock full of writhing fish up against the hull, fell off the wind as the boat came into the break of the sand bar and then, timing it with a wave, surfed the craft expertly over the sand bar and into the more sheltered inner waters where he began to paddle it in the shore.

Hoisting the net, cleanign the fish and drying wonderedthem. more description of their time at sea, her father smoking, talking of the sea, the old country perhaps, some kind of tradition.

## Sighted ship at sea

They had arrived early in the morning, the air still heald the wet chill of night, beads of dew shined on teh gunwales of the boat when Birdie came up to look at the coastline. Her father was on the bowsprit perched precariously, but riding the chop as if on a surfboard, glass to his eye, staring off at a horizon Birdie couldn't see. She came forward to have a look and saw the sail her father wa s studying. He did not look away, but did say, "merchant, heading north. Boston. Maybe Providence. Riding low. Make a prize if anyone gets to her." 

"Will they? "

Her father brought down the glass, and looked down at her. "I don't know. I only know who is where. Last I head Whydah Gally was up that way. Bellamy'd certainly take her, sitting low in the water like that. Not gold, but something out of Owen town." He stared off at the ship, "but you never know. The sea decides."

He jumped down the to the deck and rubbed her head. "It's always cat and mouse. That's why I stay out of it. Who are you rooting for?"

Birdie considered this for a moment, she wasn't sure really. She didn't like the merchant captains she'd met. She was pretty sure she didn't care what happened to them, the way they treated their men they deserved whatever they got. Her father had once told her that there were good captains, he'd never met them but he'd heard stories. He also reminded her that even those ugly mean snorting fat men had wives and children somewhere who end up paupers in debtors prison or some other ill might befall them. Still, she thought of the men and women who sailed with her family, who flew the black flag and, while there were a few she did not like, for the most part they were kind, fair people. They had a code, way of living that was about more than the fortune the merchant men were always chasing. 

Her father dropped bucket over the side and filled it up. He knelt and splashed some water on his face, rubbed his eyes and she walked over the handed him the linen that served as his towel. He washed his face every morning, rain or shine, shivering cold or blistering hear,, it did not mater. He father was a man of unbreakable, unbendable even, habits. Not many. But he always washed his face and he always sat and thought, every monring, nearly without exception. She'd seen him seated near the bow in six foot chop, wind howling down on them and he with his eyes closed, thinking.

He took the towel from her with a thanks and wiped the salt water out of his beard.

"I think I'd like the Whydah to take her," she said. 

He smiled. "I think I would too."

It was well past midday before the glided into the marshes and up the river to Tamba, tk and Cuthie's village. Tamba had waved them down in the marsh, coming out by canoe to guidethem in. Huge storms reshaped the mouth of the river and the marshes every year. Her family knew the river well last year, but that knowledge was dangerously out of date by now. If the wanted to make it to where the tk would be stored, they need someone who had been on the river all winter, knew it well. Tamba was that man. He took the tiller, the only man her father had every let take the tiller in Birdie's time sailing with him, and guided them slowly up the seeming still water. They rode the incoming tide through the marsh, but then the river began to take over, the boat slowed, finally it stilled them completely. The wind was not in their favor so her father locked two sets of oars to each side of the boat and took a middle seat for himself, while Lulu and Birdie and Henri took the other oars. Birdie worked the starboard oar while Henri and Lulu worked the port side. Slowly the boat crept up the river. The deeper water looked black and still but their oars told a different story, battling the steady current of the river that wanted so badly to merge with the sea.

Why do you want it so badly river? Lulu wondered. What do you get out of it? You become salty. You become just another bit of water in the endlessness of the ocean, a drop, every drop once it's own, not joined with others into something more, the sea. The sea. You want to be part of the sea. You are part of the sea, it's a coming home after the long journey down the mountains to here. 

The sea had personality, the sort of thing a single drop of water might lack. The sea was something more, a home, a joining together, but greater than the sum of it parts, it was greater than just about everything. Like the rest of her family, and any one who spent any length of time around it, Lulu prayed to sea every morning, greeted it palms out. Some welcome the sun as a god, others welcome the sun so they can once again see the sea.

arriving by ship
    meeting with Cuthie
    playing on the tree
    discovering the arkhanglsk


## Kids playing in Arkhangelsk

What do you want to play? Birdie was hoping Lulu would say I don't know and they could play a game Birdie had in mind, but she didn't.

"We're crocodile pirates?"

"Crocodiles that are also pirates?" Henri's face immediately brightened at this idea. "Can we eat people?"

"We are people though."

"Wait, I thought you said we were crocodiles?"

"We're half crocodile, half human."

"Do we have human heads or crocodile heads?"

"It depends, we can have whichever we need. Mostly we have human heads, but when we go into battle we have crocodile heads and teeth."

"Yes!" said Henri. "But we have human arms, because we still need swords and guns."

"Of course."


## Description of the coast From Colin Woodward

there were hundreds of miles of creeks, inlets, and islands on the North Carolina coast to hide among, places with entrances too shallow or convoluted for a large warship to follow them. For a novice pirate with a powerful vessel, the Carolinas provided a perfect sandbox in which to learn the trade.


























From Bartram: 

The general surface of the island being low, and generally level, produces a very great variety of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants; particularly the great long-leaved Pitch-Pine, or Broom-Pine

are intersected with plains of the dwarf prickly fan-leaved Palmetto, and lawns of grass variegated with stately trees of the great Broom-Pine, and the spreading ever-green Water-Oak, either disposed in clumps, or scatteringly planted by nature. The upper surface, or vegetative soil of the island, lies on a foundation, or stratum, of tenaceous cinerious coloured clay, which perhaps is the principal support of the vast growth of timber that arises from the surface, which is little more than a mixture of fine white sand and dissolved vegetables, serving as a nursery bed to hatch, or bring into existence, the infant plant, and to supply it with aliment and food, suitable to its delicacy and tender frame, until the roots, acquiring sufficient extent and solidity to lay hold of the clay, soon attain a magnitude and stability sufficient to maintain its station. Probably if this clay were dug out, and cast upon the surface, after being meliorated by the saline or nitrous qualities of the air, it would kindly incorporate with the loose sand, and become a productive and lasting manure


HERE are also a great variety of birds, through out the seasons, inhabiting both sea and land. First I shall name the eagle, of which there are three species: the great grey eagle is the largest, of great strength and high flight; he chiefly preys on fawns and other young quadrupeds.
THE bald eagle is likewise a large, strong, and very active bird, but an execrable tyrant: he supports his assumed dignity and grandeur by rapine and violence, extorting unreasonable tribute and subsidy from all the feathered nations.
THE last of this race I shall mention is the falco piscatorius, or fishing-hawk: this is a large bird, of high and rapid flight; his wings are very long and pointed, and he spreads a vast sail, in proportion to the volume of his body. This princely bird subsists entirely on fish, which he takes himself, scorning to live and grow fat on the dear earned labours of another; he also contributes liberally to the support of the bald eagle.
WATER-FOWL, and the various species of land-birds, also abound, most of which are mentioned by Catesby, in his Hist. Carolina, particularly his painted finch (Emberiza Ceris Linn.) exceeded by none of the feathered tribes, either in variety and splendour of dress, or melody of song.

CATESBY'S ground doves are also here in abundance: they are remarkably beautiful, about the size of a sparrow, and their soft and plaintive cooing perfectly enchanting.
How chaste the dove! “never known to violate the conjugal contract.”
She flees the seats of envy and strife, and seeks the retired paths of peace.
THE sight of this delightful and productive island, placed in front of the rising city of Sunbury, quickly induced me to explore it; which I apprehended, from former visits to this coast, would exhibit a comprehensive epitome of the history of all the sea-coast islands of Carolina and Georgia, as likewise in general of the coast of the main; and as I considered this excursion along the coast of Georgia and northern border of Florida, a deviation from the high road of my intended travels, yet I performed it in order to employ to the most advantage the time on my hands, before the treaty of Augusta came on, where I was to attend, about May or June, by desire of the Superintendant, J. Stewart, Esq; who, when I was in Charleston, proposed, in order to facilitate my travels in the Indian territories, that, if I would be present at the Congress, he would introduce my business to the chiefs of the Cherokees, Creeks, and other nations, and recommend me to their

### Beginnings of Rice

Came from Slave gardens according to many.

Especially:

https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=6127:

Judith A. Carney. Black Rice: The African Origins of Rice Cultivation in the Americas. 

---


Rice was beginning, coming from Africans out of Sierra Leon.:

The South Carolina planters were, at first, completely ignorant of rice cultivation, and their
early experiments with this specialized type of tropical agriculture were mostly failures. They
soon recognized the advantage of importing slaves from the traditional rice-growing region of
West Africa, and they generally showed far greater interest in the geographical origins of
African slaves than did planters in other North American colonies. The South Carolina rice
planters were willing to pay higher prices for slaves from the "Rice Coast," the "Windward
Coast," the "Gambia," and "Sierra-Leon"; and slave traders in Africa soon learned that South
Carolina was an especially profitable market for slaves from those areas. When slave traders
arrived in Charlestown with slaves from the rice-growing region, they were careful to advertise
their origin on auction posters or in newspaper announcements, sometimes noting that the
slaves were "accustomed to the planting of rice." Traders who arrived in Charlestown with
slaves from other parts of Africa where rice was not traditionally grown, such as Nigeria, often
found that their slaves fetched lower prices. In some cases, they could sell no slaves at all and
had to sail away to another port.
The South Carolina and Georgia colonists ultimately adopted a system of rice cultivation that
drew heavily on the labor patterns and technical knowledge of their African slaves. During the
growing season the slaves on the rice plantations moved through the fields in a line, hoeing
rhythmically and singing work songs to keep in unison. At harvest time the women processed
the rice by pounding it in large wooden mortars and pestles, virtually identical to those used in
West Africa, and then "fanning" the rice in large round winnowing baskets to separate the grain
and chaff. The slaves may also have contributed to the system of sluices, banks, and ditches
used on the South Carolina and Georgia rice plantations. West African farmers traditionally
cultivated local varieties of wet rice on the flood plains and dry rice on the hillsides.

source: https://glc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/South%20Carolina%20Rice%20Plantations.pdf

---

South Carolina’s first great agricultural staple, rice dominated the lowcountry’s economy for almost two hundred years, influencing almost every aspect of life in the region from the early eighteenth century to the early twentieth century. Rice was responsible for the area’s rise to prominence in the colonial era. But the commercial rice industry collapsed in the late nineteenth century, leaving much of the lowcountry with few viable economic options for a half-century or more. It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that the economic and social legacy of rice began to recede into history.Domestication of rice began in Asia between seven thousand and ten thousand years ago and spread gradually to other parts of Eurasia and Africa. The cereal arrived in the Western Hemisphere along with Europeans and Africans as part of the “Columbian exchange” of plants, animals, and germs that began in the late fifteenth century. Although rice accompanied Europeans and Africans to the Western Hemisphere, the cereal did not become an important cash crop in the Americas until the South Carolina rice complex was developed in the eighteenth century. Carolinians, both Europeans and Africans, had likely grown small amounts of rice to eat, but not until the 1710s or 1720s were local capital, labor, and entrepreneurship sufficient to support significant commercial production.The origin of the South Carolina rice industry is complex and controversial. Until relatively recently historians accorded Europeans primary credit for originating rice production in South Carolina. During the past few decades, however, some scholars have amassed evidence suggesting instead that Africans were the prime movers in the earliest days of rice cultivation in South Carolina. In a technical (and technological) sense, the “black rice” view of the origins of rice cultivation may be correct. It is important to note, however, that there were several other plausible routes of transmission, and that there is a big difference between rice production and a rice industry. Regardless of the origins of rice cultivation in the colony, the South Carolina rice industry was informed by European and Euro-American aspirations and entrepreneurship along with African technology and labor.Despite considerable research, little is known about early rice production techniques or even sites. Some “wet” rice may have been grown from the start, but scholars generally agree that the first rice crops were produced “dry,” that is, without irrigation and on relatively “high” ground. Throughout its history in South Carolina, most rice cultivation took place in the lowcountry, but production was distributed quite unevenly within this region. 

source: http://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/rice/

---

### Hurricane

Hurricane of 1713

Carolina Hurricane of 1713. Charleston town was once again inundated by the sea (see 1700). The death toll was reportedly significant and resulted from the high storm surge that washed in with the storm. On Sullivan's Island, "The new lookout made of wood, built eight square and eighty feet high, was blown down." In Charleston's harbor, all but one of the vessels were driven ashore and "all the front wall and mud parapet before Charlestown [were] undermined and washed away." The two rivers on both sides of the town were connected for a period of unknown time during the storm. The storm was reportedly more violent in the north of Charleston, suggesting that landfall was made north of the town. The effects were most prominent in Currituck County, North Carolina near the Virginia-North Carolina border, where the storm surge breached the Outer Banks and opened several inlets into the Currituck Sound. William Byrd, one of the commissioners who established the Virginia-North Carolina boundary, stated, "There was no tide in Currituck until 1713, when a violent storm opened a new inlet five miles south of the old one. One of the new inlets carved out by the storm became the location where the Virginia-North Carolina line begins on the Atlantic coast."[18]

from Early American hurricanes 1492-1870, David Ludlum, https://www.amazon.com/Early-American-Hurricanes-1492-1870-Ludlum/dp/B000RB6C4A 

## Gullah

The origin of the word \"Gullah\" is unclear. Some scholars suggest that it may be cognate with the word \"Angola\",[1][10] where the ancestors of some of the Gullah people likely originated. They created a new culture synthesized from that of the various African peoples brought into Charleston and South Carolina. Some scholars have suggested that it may come from the name of the Gola, an ethnic group living in the border area between present-day Sierra Leone and Liberia in West Africa, another area of enslaved ancestors of the Gullah people.[11][1] British colonists in the Caribbean and the Southern colonies of North America referred to this area as the \"Grain Coast\" or \"Rice Coast\"; many of the tribes are of Mandé or Manding origins. The name \"Geechee\", another common name for the Gullah people, may derive from the name of the Kissi people, an ethnic group living in the border area between Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia.[1]",
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gullah"

The Gullah people are directly descended from the slaves who labored on the rice plantations, and their language reflects significant influences from Sierra Leone and the surrounding area. The Gullahs’ English-based creole language is strikingly similar to Sierra Leone Krio and contains such identical expressions as bigyai (greedy), pantap (on top of), ohltu (both), tif (steal), yeys (ear), and swit (delicious). But, in addition to words derived from English, the Gullah creole also contains several thousand words and personal names derived from African languages—and a large proportion of these (about 25%) are from languages spoken in Sierra Leone. The Gullah use such masculine names as Sorie, Tamba, Sanie, Vandi, and Ndapi, and such feminine names as Kadiatu, Fatimata, Hawa, and Isata—all common in Sierra Leone. As late as the 1940s, a Black American linguist found Gullahs in rural South Carolina and Georgia who could recite songs and fragments of stories in Mende and Vai, and who could do simple counting in the Guinea/Sierra Leone dialect of Fula. In fact, all of the African texts that Gullah people have preserved are in languages spoken within Sierra Leone and along its borders.\n\nThe connection between the Gullah and the people of Sierra Leone is a very special one. Sierra Leone has always had a small population, and Sierra Leonean slaves were always greatly outnumbered on the plantations by slaves from more populous parts of Africa—except in South Carolina and Georgia. ",
-https://glc.yale.edu/gullah-rice-slavery-and-sierra-leone-american-connection
         ### Ring Shout

Shout Because You're Free: The African American Ring Shout Tradition By Art Rosenbaum  UGA Press

Shout may have come from saut, an afro-aribic word meaning fervernt dance.

Tended to happen in cold weather, took a lot of energy \r

### Gullah words

* FANNUH	a wide, shallow basket used for winnowing beaten
rice or separating the corn husks from grist after
grinding.

### Twins

##### Imagining the pain and peril of 17th century childbirth
"It pleased God, in much mercy, to restore me to strength to goe to my full time, my labour begining three daies; but upon the Wednesday, the ninth of December, I fell into
exceeding sharpe travill in great extreamity, so that the midwife did beleive I should be delivered soone. But loe! it fell out contrary, for the childe staied in the birth, and came crosse with his feete first, and in this condition contineued till Thursday morning betweene two and three a clocke, at which time I was upon the racke in bearing my childe with such exquisitt torment, as if each lime weare divided from other, for the space of two houers; when att length, beeing speechlesse and breathlesse, I was, by the infinitt providence of God, in great mercy delivered",

-http://sharonhoward.org/archive/pain-peril.pdf


The birth of twins in the literary art of the Middle Ages frequently marks an opportunity for one woman to accuse another of adultery and thus the twins as illegitimate. Erik Kooper has analysed twenty European stories, many of which were translated, redacted and adapted, and he divided these according to the way in which twinship is represented.[27] ‘If one thing becomes clear from this kind of classification,’ Kooper concludes, ‘is that multiple births do indeed lead to numerous kinds of disaster, both for the mother and for the children.’[28] Of the twenty or so he lists, only four of these stories leave mother or child protagonists untainted by accusations of adultery or monstrous birth.",
-https://thewonderoftwins.wordpress.com/2013/07/23/the-significance-of-twins-in-medieval-and-early-modern-europe/